Database Migration (Lift & Shift) is the process of migrating an Oracle Database from On-Premise to Cloud (Oracle Cloud, Amazon AWS, Microsoft Azure etc). This post covers the Overview, Methodology and Database Concepts that are important related to Migration like Version, Character-set, Big/Little Endian, Multi-Tenant Architecture (PDB & CDB), DB Size, DB Options etc.
If you are just starting out in Cloud then I highly recommend you to go through these posts first
- Cloud for Beginners (Facebook Live): SaaS | PaaS | IaaS and which one is right for DBAs
- 12 Point Checklist for DBA for Beginner to Expert Cloud DBA (Facebook Live)
- If you are confused to pick Amazon AWS or Oracle Cloud then check this
- Check tasks performed by Oracle DBAs in Cloud here
Note: Above Video is from lesson 1 of Lift & Shift (Migration) Module in our Cloud DBA Certification 1Z0-160 Training
(For List of Step By Step Hands-On Guide you must perform for Oracle Cloud DBA Certification, refer this post).
Migration Methodology
Note: Listen from 4:18 in above Video about Migration Methodology and why is this important.
Supported Versions (DBCS/DBaaS Migration)
Supported version for migration to Oracle DBaaS currently (as of March 2018) are
- 11G On-Premise Database to 11G Database on Cloud
- 11G On-Premise Database to 12C PDB on Cloud
- 12C Non-CDB On-Premise Database to 12C PDB (Pluggable Database) on Cloud
- 12C PDB On-Premise Database to 12C PDB (Pluggable Database) on Cloud
Where PDB Stands for Pluggable Database and CDB stands for Container Database in Multi-Tenant Architecture of 12c Database.
Migration Methods
There are multiple migrations possible depending on things like, Source & Destination Database version, Endian, Characterset, Options, Downtime etc . Methods to migrate Oracle Database to Cloud includes
- Conventional Export/Import and Data Pump
- Transportable Tablespace Data Pump
- Full Transportable Data Pump
- Unplug/Plug (12c Only)
- Remote Cloning (PDB and non-CDB)
- Recovery Manager (RMAN)
- SQL* Loader
- Oracle GoldenGate
Lets Deep-Dive into each Migration Methods we have:
Original* Export/Import
- Traditional oldest Method to Migrate Data
- Very SlowNot designed for large Database (100GB+)
- Must be used for 9i or previous versions
- Not fit to Migrate to Cloud
Data Pump Export/Import
- Introduced in 10g Database
- Designed to Handle large volume of data
- Very data is very large (few hundred GBs)
- From Performance point of view, Transportable Tablespace method could be quicker
- Nothing to worry about Character set or Endian
- Can be used for 11g on-premise to 11g/12c PDB Cloud Migration
- Can be used for 12c Non-CDB/PDB on-premise to 12c PDB Cloud Migration
Data pump Transportable Tablespace
- Fastest Method to migrate Data
- Entire Datafiles in a Tablespace are moved from source to Target Database
- Moving of Datafiles is quick compared to each object hence this method is
- quicker than Data Pump Export/Import
- Requires some configuration and setup to migrate using Transportable
- Tablespaces could be complex
- Can be used for 11g on-premise to 11g/12c PDB Cloud Migration
- Can be used for 12c Non-CDB/PDB on-premise to 12c PDB Cloud Migration
Data Pump Full Transportable
- Introduced in 12c, make migration to 12c Database Easy & Quick
- 12c can be configured as Non CDB or CDB/PDB
- Can be used to migrate to both Non-CDB or PDB
- Moves all of System, User, and Application Metadata without complex setup
- required in Transportable Tablespace Method
- Combines ease of Data-pump and speed of Transportable Tablespaces
- Can be used for 11.2.0.3+ on-premise to 12c PDB Cloud Migration
- Can be used for 12c Non-CDB/PDB on-premise to 12c PDB Cloud Migration
- Use this method to migrate from Non-CDB to PDB
- One PDB to another PDB
Unplug/Plug
- Uses 12c Multitenant feature of Pluggable Database(PDB)
- Supported from
- 12c Non-CDB on Premise to PDB on Cloud
- 12c PDB on Premise to PDB on Cloud
- If TDE is enabled, export TDE master encryption key on source before migration and
- Import TDE Master key in CDB on target (If no key store in CDB then create it)
Remote Cloning
- Uses 12c Multitenant feature of Pluggable Database(PDB) Supported from
- 12c Non-CDB on Premise to New PDB on Cloud
- 12c PDB on Premise to New PDB on Cloud
- Target database on DBCS must be new PDB (You can’t clone to an existing PDB)
- During migration on-premise database must be Read Only
- After migration, on-premise can be changed to Read Write and can be used
RMAN Convert Transport Tablespace With Data Pump
- RMAN Convert TTS + expdp for
- 11g on-premise to 11g Cloud Migration
- 12c Non CDB or PDB on-premise to new or Existing PDB Cloud Migration
- Copy Dump & Image File to Cloud Compute
- Import (impdp) to Cloud 11g Database
RMAN TTS with Data Pump
- RMAN Backup TS + expdp: 11g on-premise to 12c PDB on Cloud
- Copy Dump & data file to Cloud Compute
- Restore + impdp to Cloud PDB
- Very Similar to RMAN Convert TTS plus Data pump
RMAN Cross-Platform Transportable Tablespace Backup Sets
- RMAN Backup To Platform: 12c Non-CDB/PDB on-premise to 12c PDB on
Cloud - If Endian Conversion is required RMAN BACKUP TO PLATFORM DATAPUMP TABLESPACE
- Copy Backup Set & Dump File
- Restore Foreign Tablespace Dump File to Cloud PDB
RMAN Cross-Platform Transportable PDB
- RMAN Un-Plug/Plug: 12c PDB on-premise to 12c PDB on Cloud
- If Endian Conversion is Required
- Unplug PDB + RMAN BACKUP FOR TRANSPORT PLUGGABLE DATABASE
- Copy PDB to Compute Cloud
- RMAN RESTORE ALL FOREIGN DATAFILES + Plug PDB
SQL Developer
- SQL Developer to migrate data to Cloud has two options
- DDL statement + SQL*loader control & Data File
- DDL statement + Insert Statement (Use SQL Developer)
- User SQL Developer
Migration Support Matrix
Migration to Cloud: Step By Step Activity Guides
Note: Above Post & Video is from Lift & Shift (Migration) Module in our Cloud DBA Certification 1Z0-160 Training You can get Step By Step Hands-On Activity Guides you must perform for Oracle Cloud DBA Certification here).
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Note: If you found above post useful, you’ll also like 10 Things You Must Consider before Migrating to Cloud
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