How to Fix “Permission Denied,”“Command Not Found,”“Invalid Tenant ID,”& cURL Errors

When working with scripts or interacting with APIs via the command line, encountering technical errors can be a frustrating roadblock. Issues such as “Permission Denied,” “CommandNotFoundException,” “Invalid Tenant ID,” and various cURL errors are common challenges that many developers and IT professionals face, especially when using Azure AI security services or interacting with Azure Key Vault. These errors can disrupt workflows and prevent the successful execution of commands or automation processes.

In this blog, we’ll dive deep into these errors, explore their root causes, and provide step-by-step solutions for resolving them. Whether you’re an experienced DevOps engineer, a cloud professional working with Azure, or just starting out in the IT field, understanding how to troubleshoot these problems is an essential skill. By examining each error in detail, we aim to equip you with the knowledge and tools you need to overcome these challenges, particularly when working with Azure AI security services and Key Vault. Let’s get started and empower you to tackle these issues with confidence.

Error: Permission Denied

Cause:

The error message “zsh: permission denied” when trying to run the ./rest-test.cmd script is usually caused by the script not having executable permissions.

Resolution:

The issue you’re facing is because the script rest-test.cmd doesn’t have execute permissions. To resolve this, you need to grant execute permissions to the script. You can do this by running the following command in your terminal:

chmod +x ./rest-test.cmd

After running this command, you should be able to execute the script without encountering the “permission denied” error.

Error: CommandNotFoundException

Cause:

We have multiple rest-test.cmd files located in different subdirectories under Labfiles. To execute one of them, you need to navigate to the specific directory where the file is located and then run the script.

Resolution:

We need to Navigate to the directory where the rest-test.cmd file you want to run is located. So it is located in 02-ai-services-security under the Labfiles.

1. To do that you need to Open in Integrated terminal like in the below image:

Run below command: 

.\rest-test.cmd

After running this command, you should be able to execute the script without encountering the “CommandNotFoundError” error.

Error: Invalid Tenant ID

Error:

An invalid tenant ID was provided. You can locate your tenant ID by following the instructions here: https://learn.microsoft.com/partner-center/find-ids-and-domain-names

Cause:

The error is caused by an invalid or missing tenant ID being passed in the script to authenticate with Azure. In Azure, the tenant ID uniquely identifies the Azure Active Directory (AD) instance associated with your subscription. If it’s incorrect or not set, authentication fails.

Resolution:

• Get the correct tenant ID:

1. 1. Log in to the Azure portal.
   2. Navigate to Azure Active Directory → Properties.
   3. Copy the Directory (tenant) ID.

• Set the correct tenant ID:

1. 1. Ensure the TENANT_ID environment variable is correctly set in your code. For example, modify the part of your script where the tenant ID is retrieved:

tenant_id = os.getenv("TENANT_ID")

Make sure this variable points to the valid tenant ID.

Error: curl: (3) URL rejected: Bad hostname

Cause:

The error message curl: (3) URL rejected: Bad hostname indicates an issue with the hostname in the curl command. Here’s a quick breakdown of causes and resolutions:

1. Placeholder Values: Placeholders like <your-endpoint> or <your-key> are not replaced with actual values.
2. Incorrect URL: The endpoint URL may be wrongly formatted.
3. DNS Resolution Issue: The hostname may not be resolving properly.

Network Issues: Firewall or network settings might be blocking access.

Read more for: Virtual Networks In Microsoft Azure: VNet Peering, ExpressRoute, VPN Gateway

Resolution:

1. Replace Placeholders: Ensure <your-endpoint> and <your-key> is replaced with the actual endpoint URL and API key.
2. Verify URL: Ensure the URL starts with https:// and is correctly formatted.
3. Check DNS/Network: Use nslookup to check hostname resolution or try a different network.
4. Update curl: Update curl to the latest version if needed.

Note: Make sure that you replace the following placeholder values with the actual values corresponding to the resources you have created

Following these steps should resolve the issue.

Error: Curl Command is not Recognized

The error in the image indicates that the curl command is not recognized as an internal or external command, operable program, or batch file. This issue occurs when the curl command-line tool is either not installed or not properly configured in the system’s PATH.

What is curl?

curl (short for Client URL) is a command-line tool used to transfer data between a client and a server using various protocols such as HTTP, HTTPS, FTP, SCP, SFTP, LDAP, and more.

It is commonly used for:

• Making HTTP requests (GET, POST, PUT, DELETE, etc.)
• Downloading and uploading files
• Testing REST APIs
• Automating web interactions

Cause:

The curl command is not installed on your system or the environment variable PATH is not set correctly, so the terminal cannot recognize the curl command.

Resolution:

1. Install curl:

• If you are using Windows, download and install curl from the official website: https://curl.se/download.html.

Alternatively, if you have Chocolatey installed, you can run the following command in your terminal:

choco install curl

2. Add curl to System PATH:

• If curl is installed but not recognized, you may need to add it to the System PATH.
• Go to System Properties > Advanced > Environment Variables.
• Find the Path variable under System Variables, and edit it.
• Add the path to the folder where curl is installed (e.g., C:\Program Files\curl\bin).

3. Verify the Installation:

• After installation or updating the PATH, restart the terminal and run:

curl --version

• This should display the curl version information, indicating it is correctly set up.

Once the curl is installed and correctly configured, the command in your rest-test.cmd file should execute without the “not recognized” error.

Conclusion

Running scripts and using APIs can sometimes be frustrating, especially when errors like “Permission Denied,” “Command Not Found,” or “Invalid Tenant ID” pop up. But don’t worry—these errors are common, and now you know exactly how to fix them!

This blog has walked you through simple, step-by-step solutions to tackle these issues so you can keep your work running smoothly. Whether you’re just starting out in IT or working with cloud services like Azure, learning how to troubleshoot these errors will save you time and headaches in the future.

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